Geodesy, cartography and cadastre in Japan
Received 25.06.2021, Revised 18.10.2021, Accepted 19.11.2021, Published 17.12.2021
Abstract
In connection with the emergence of modern requirements to provide the necessary information to state authorities and local governments, interested enterprises, institutions and organizations, as well as citizens in order to regulate land and other relations, determine the amount of land payment and the value of land in the natural resources, control over the use and protection of land, economic, environmental justification of business plans and economic projects, it became necessary to analyze the practice of organizing geodetic, cartographic and cadastral work abroad on the example of considering the history and current state of cartographic and geodetic support, conducting cadastral work in Japan. The set goal and objectives of the study led to the use of general scientific approaches, logical laws for constructing conclusions, and special methods of cognition. When fulfilling the tasks, the research was based on the world experience in applying the descriptive method, the comparative historical method (comparativeism), the historical typological method on the basis of an integrated and systematic approach. Collections of scientific papers, professional periodicals, Internet resources, and regulatory documents served as the information base for the study. The choice of effective methods for conducting geodetic, cartographic, research, cadastral work abroad is characterized by the example of considering the history and current state of cartographic and geodetic support for the territory of Japan. It is noted as the target direction of this study for the needs of specialists in the geodetic industry, for land surveyors in order to organize effective work on methods and methods for collecting spatial data that can provide prompt automated receipt of cartographic information with a given accuracy and the necessary amount of information as for the needs of the country, as well as for interested users. The paper considers the history and state of cartographic and geodetic support of foreign territory, analyzes the practices of organizing geodetic, cadastral, research and cartographic work by geospatial information management in Japan. The rules for monitoring and surveying territories and structures are shown, the rules for conducting national geodetic and cartographic activities are described, which serve as the basis for land management. The introduction of a new concept of spatial data infrastructure, called "digital Japan", which has become available to everyone on the Internet, has been studied.
Keywords:
geodesy; cartography; cadaster; Japan; spatial data infrastructure; monitoring
